Kai Kunze

The NASA Task Load Index, or NASA-TLX, is a short questionnaire that asks people to rate how mentally and physically demanding a task felt. It is one of the most popular tools in human-computer interaction research (and often used at CHI, one of the premier interantional HCI conferences).

Our paper Floating Companion: Exploring Design Space for Soft Floating Robots in Indoor Environments won the Best Paper Award at DIS 2026 in Singapore. I am really happy for the team. Mingyang and Yanheng worked on it a long time, and it is nice to see it recognized.

Can a VR recreation of a concert make you feel like you were actually there? We explore this question in our latest paper, presented at the Augmented Humans conference 2026 in Okinawa, and the answer surprised us: less realism actually works better.

What happens when the line between a human performer and a machine blurs on stage? We are presenting this work at the Augmented Humans conference 2026 in Okinawa, and it is one of those projects that keeps surprising us.

The setup: an artist wears sensors and controls a robotic arm, turning their own body into a live audio-visual mixer. Their movements, their physiological signals, all of it feeds into the sound and visuals in real time. The performer becomes something in between – not quite human soloist, not quite machine, but a hybrid that makes you question who or what is actually creating the art.

Virtual reality promises to transport us to events we could never attend in person. Concert recreations in VR have become increasingly sophisticated, aiming to capture not just the sights and sounds of a performance, but the atmosphere created by a live audience. But what happens when we try to recreate that collective energy using physiological data from the original audience? And does it matter if that data is real or fake?

Flying robots are becoming more and more common. Yet, they also come with safety concerns. Quadrocopter drones, the most popular type, have fast-spinning propellers. Their rigid structures and loud noise levels make them unsuitable for close-range human interaction. Yet, can we design flying robots that people can safely touch and interact with?

Our recent work, lead by Mingyang Xu, introduces Cuddle-Fish, a soft floating robot that takes a different approach to aerial robotics. Instead of using propellers, the robot combines a helium-filled soft body with low-frequency flapping wings inspired by animal movement. It’s also the first of its kind that fits in normal indoor environments (like appartments and homes). Its design eliminates the danger of spinning blades while maintaining the ability to move through indoor spaces.

I’ve been experimenting with the Audio Overview of Google’s NotebookLM to create a podcast about Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), and I have to say, it’s surprisingly useful! Using their Audio Overview feature, I’ve uploaded several HCI publications, and NotebookLM has turned them into conversations.

Additionally, I also summarized most of my publications. Have a listen.

Google just announced that they allow to customize the Audio Overviews. I’m pretty excited about this feature, as the standard summarization is a bit too casual for me. Here is an example from the podcast without customization:

A research concept from 2016 might be in the spotlight in the next years, as described and discussed in the Dagstuhl Seminar “Eyewear Computing – Augmenting the Human with Head-mounted Wearable Assistants”.

Frisson is a feeling as well as an experience of physical reactions such as shivers, tingling skin, and goosebumps. In this work, we propose Frisson Waves, an exploratory real-time system to detect, trigger and share frisson in a wave-like pattern over audience members during music performances. The system consists of a physiological sensing wristband for detecting frisson and a thermo-haptic neckband for inducing frisson.

Very happy to be invited as one of the panelists presenting in a three-day online symposium on Liveness organised by the Neurolive EU Project. The symposium brings together artists, humanities scholars and cognitive neuroscientists to explore how liveness is conceptualised, measured and practiced across the arts and the sciences.

I’m speaking on the 24th, here’s the abstract of my talk and my slides (carefull ~17 Mb pdf)

Abstract: In my research, I combine design and technology to augment human senses, looking for novel interaction paradigms. Engineering and computing have often been used to mimic or surpass some human abilities (for example autonomous driving, playing Go). Such efforts appear to put humans and computers in a competitive relationship, as emphasized in AI vs. Human game competitions. Once fantastic fear of AIs “replacing” human workers is now taken much more seriously and discussed in the public sphere. My research proposes a different approach to the human-computer relationship by applying a cooperative and empowering framework, using wearable computing to actively augment human capabilities.